Phenotypic switching in Cryptococcus neoformans
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
It infects me, it infects me not: phenotypic switching in the fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans.
Phenotypic switching has been observed in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes and involves stochastic switching between two or more alternative and heritable phenotypes, usually distinguished by surface antigenicity. This strategy, generally adopted by pathogens to escape recognition by the immune system and to adapt to a hostile host environment, results from spontaneous alterations in gene expres...
متن کاملCryptococcus neoformans variants generated by phenotypic switching differ in virulence through effects on macrophage activation.
Macrophages have a central role in the pathogenesis of cryptococcosis since they are an important line of defense, serve as a site for fungal replication, and also can contribute to tissue damage. The objective of this study was to investigate the interaction of macrophages with cells from smooth-colony variants (SM) and mucoid-colony variants (MC) arising from phenotypic switching of Cryptococ...
متن کاملPhenotypic switching of Cryptococcus neoformans occurs in vivo and influences the outcome of infection.
Phenotypic switching has been linked to the virulence of many pathogens, including fungi. However, it has not been conclusively shown to occur in vivo or to influence the outcome of infection. Cryptococcus neoformans undergoes phenotypic switching in vitro to colony types that differ in their virulence in mice. In this study, we asked whether C. neoformans undergoes phenotypic switching in vivo...
متن کاملPhenotypic switching in Cryptococcus neoformans contributes to virulence by changing the immunological host response.
Cryptococcus neoformans is an encapsulated opportunistic organism that can undergo phenotypic switching. In this process, the parent smooth colony (SM) switches to a more virulent mucoid colony (MC) variant. The host responses mounted against the SM and MC variants differ, and lower tissue interleukin 10 (IL-10) levels are consistently observed in lungs of MC-infected C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice. T...
متن کاملPhenotypic switching and its implications for the pathogenesis of Cryptococcus neoformans.
Phenotypic switching has been described in several strains of Cryptococcus neoformans. It occurs in vivo during chronic infection and is associated with differential gene expression and changes in virulence. The switch involves changes in the polysaccharide capsule and cell wall that affect the yeast's ability to resist phagocytosis. In addition, the phenotypic switch variants elicit qualitativ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Microbiology
سال: 2006
ISSN: 1350-0872,1465-2080
DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.28451-0